Platelets in excess of the norm in a child. Increased platelets in the blood of a child: what does it mean? Increased platelet count
Before proceeding with the decoding of the analysis, it is worth understanding what platelets are. Platelets are platelets, the smallest formed elements of the blood.
The formed elements of blood also include leukocytes and erythrocytes. Together with platelets, they make up the bulk of blood cells.
The functions of platelets are very diverse, but their role in the body is to control the performance of blood vessels by releasing various biological substances. The well-known function of platelets is their participation in the process of blood clotting. In this case, the level of platelets is associated with the formation of bleeding and blood clots.
Normal platelet count in children
Before talking about pathological changes in the composition of the blood, let's dwell on the indicators included in the norm.
In children under 1 year of age, the platelet count is 180 - 400 * 10 * 9 / l, then with age the number will gradually decrease to 160 - 360 * 10 * 9 / l.
Conditions in which platelets are elevated in a child
An increased number of platelets in the blood is called thrombocytosis.
The reasons for their increased level may be:
- enhanced hematopoietic processes in the bone marrow, which leads to a high concentration of platelets in the blood and other uniform elements;
- high platelet count, resulting in a compensatory increase in their number;
- infectious process(tuberculosis);
- taking medicines and others.
A high level of platelets in the blood is dangerous because it leads to thickening of the blood and an increased risk of blood clots. Whether the platelets in the child are increased or not, only the doctor will tell you more precisely.
Low platelets
A few words should be said about the low level of platelets. Low platelet count in the blood. Due to the fact that platelets take part in the processes of blood clotting, their deficiency in the blood can lead to bleeding.
The reason for the low content of platelets in the blood may be, for example, the inhibition of bone marrow hematopoiesis as a result of radiotherapy, or if there are factors that lead to their destruction in the blood. The latter may include autoimmune diseases. There are cases when thrombocytopenia is hereditary, for example, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, Bernard Soulier.
You can tell if your child has platelet problems by the presence of a rash or bruising that quickly develops with any touch.
Analysis to determine the level of platelets in the blood
What tests can be prescribed, including counting the level of platelets in the blood? One of these tests is a general clinical blood test. This is a study of the level of red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets together. Depending on the equipment that the laboratory is equipped with, other blood parameters can be determined.
Most often, a hematological analyzer is used for a general clinical blood test. Therefore, there are a number of factors that affect the reliability of the results.
Sometimes, with inadequate or questionable indicators that do not correspond to the clinical picture, a separate study of platelet levels may be prescribed. It is carried out manually, and in this case it is more reliable, as it helps to avoid erroneous instrument readings.
How to properly prepare
One of the important components in preparing for a general blood test is the emotional calm of the mother and child. Blood sampling is stressful and can lead to fluctuations in performance, so it is better to mentally prepare for this.
Blood must be donated on an empty stomach. But in infants, this is difficult to observe, so it is allowed to donate material between feedings.
Also, the hands of the child should not be cold. At low temperatures, capillaries spasm, blood flow slows down, and the procedure can be delayed.
It is important to seat or lay the child in such a way that he is comfortable.
Where to take an analysis for free and for a fee
If you have a compulsory medical insurance policy (mandatory medical insurance), you should conduct a study of the level of platelets in the blood for free. If, for some reason, you do not have the desire or opportunity to visit your medical institution to which you are attached, then you can contact any medical center that provides paid services.
How much does the determination of platelets cost in laboratories in Moscow
Determining the number of platelets during a general clinical blood test in laboratories in Moscow will cost you 250-400 rubles, additional money may be required from you for blood sampling. In order not to be deceived, visit the website of a specific medical center. There is almost always a price list.
You can also optionally request a manual method for counting platelets (according to Fonio). It will cost you somewhere between 200-300 rubles. Some medical centers do not separately conduct a platelet count test manually, only as an additional method. So you have to be ready for this.
Upon receiving the results of the study in their hands, for example, in a paid center, many parents immediately begin to explore the Internet. They check the level of platelets in the blood according to unreliable sources, make a conclusion themselves, and prescribe treatment.
Parents who care about the health of their child will turn to a specialist, for example, a pediatrician or a hematologist, for a decoding of the analysis. If deviations are found, the patient will be referred for additional research methods to clarify the causes.
Conclusion
Summing up, I want to pay attention to the role platelets play in our body - maintaining the integrity of blood vessels. Deviation in one direction or another can lead to serious violations of the circulation of blood flow through the vessels. Therefore, you should not engage in decoding the results on your own, and even more so self-treatment.
Platelets are involved in the processes of blood coagulation and restoration of damaged sections of the wall of blood vessels. Under certain conditions and pathologies, the level of platelets in the blood of children changes.
The role of platelets in the body
Thrombocytes (platelets) are small fragments (2-4 microns) separated from large cells of megakaryocytes. The term "blood platelets" (Thrombocyte Countes, PLT) was first introduced by Bizzocero (1881), therefore, they are also called Bizzocero's plaques.
Megakaryocytes are formed in the red bone marrow from a pluripotent cell (common to all blood cells). A platelet separated from a megakaryocyte retains its shape by microtubules, which are located along the perimeter. From the red bone marrow, platelets enter the blood, where their number is 65-75%, the remaining 25-35% are deposited in the spleen.
The platelet contains granules and vesicles, from which blood clotting factors and activators of cell regeneration of the vascular wall are released. In case of damage to cells of various tissues of the body, growth factors (platelets, epithelium, vascular endothelium, etc.) are released from blood cells, stimulating the restoration of damaged cells and their division.
Collagen, thrombin (blood plasma coagulation factor), ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and thromboxane A2 (stimulates contraction of the vessel lumen) are platelet activators.
Also, when activated, blood coagulation factors (proteins), biogenic amine serotonin, calcium, ADP, fibrinogen, peroxidase enzyme, etc. are released from the granules.
Platelets can carry immune complexes that attach to the membrane and support contraction of the vascular wall with the help of serotonin.
When activated, the shape of the cells becomes spherical, and thin processes (pseudopodia) form on their surface, which play a role in the formation and contraction of the blood clot formed during blood clotting.
These processes help platelets to connect to each other in complexes that attach to damaged areas of the blood vessel, this is called adhesion.
Platelets function in the blood for 7 to 10 days, after which they are destroyed, and their fragments are absorbed by phagocytes (). The number of platelets in the blood can change during the day, but normally these changes should not exceed 10%.
platelets
The normal content of platelets in the blood of children
Their number in the blood of children depends on age. The rate of platelets in the blood in children is presented in the table.
Table - Platelets: the norm in children of different ages
| Age | Platelets in the blood, l |
|---|---|
| newborns | 100-420×10 9 |
| 10 days | 150-400×10 9 |
| 1 month | 160-400×10 9 |
| 6 months | 180-400×10 9 |
| 1 year | 160-380×10 9 |
| 1-4 years | 160-400×10 9 |
| 5-7 years | 180-450×10 9 |
A complete blood count allows you to determine the number of platelets, healthy children are recommended to do it once a year. In case of violation of blood coagulation or pathology of the bone marrow, the study should be carried out several times a year on the recommendation of a doctor.
With a change in the physiological state of the child's body or with pathology, the number of blood cells in children may change.
An increase in platelets in the blood
If their number in the blood of a child is higher than the norm corresponding to his age, this is called thrombocytosis. Thrombocytosis is primary and secondary.
- Primary. It is the result of disturbances in the processes in the cells of the bone marrow, so the number of platelets in the blood increases. An increase in their number is caused by an increased division of their progenitor cell due to its tumor degeneration. Its second name is essential thrombocythemia, which occurs in diseases:
- erythremia;
- myeloid leukemia;
- lymphoma;
- lymphogranulomatosis.
- Secondary. It occurs when the formation of thrombopoietin increases, which is an activator of mitosis (cell division) and maturation (transformation into a full-fledged cell) of a megakaryocyte. Elevated platelet levels may be due to conditions such as:
- trauma, surgery;
- infections;
- inflammation;
- osteomyelitis;
- tuberculosis;
- splenectomy;
- prolonged bleeding;
- iron deficiency (anemia);
- corticosteroid therapy (cortisol);
- kidney pathology;
- autoimmune diseases;
- increased breakdown of red blood cells (hemolysis).
During the period of rapid development of the body, the child undergoes physiological changes and stressful situations may arise that contribute to the appearance of thrombocytosis. With their high level in the blood vessels, there is a threat of the formation of blood clots (pathological blood clots).
Decreased platelet count
If a blood test shows that their number is below the norm corresponding to his age, this indicates thrombocytopenia. The level of blood cells in newborns up to 10 days should not be lower than 100×10 9 /l. The rate of platelets in children under one year old should be above 150 × 10 9 / l, and in children over one year old, their number should not be less than the lower limit of the normal age of the child.
Some causes of thrombocytopenia in newborns
A decrease in the number of blood cells in children can be with the following conditions of the body and diseases:
- anemia (aplastic or megaloblastic);
- hereditary thrombocytopenia (Fanconi syndrome);
- leukemia;
- rickettsiosis;
- malaria;
- toxoplasmosis;
- DIC;
- Werlhof's disease;
- allergy;
- hyperthyroidism (pathology of the thyroid gland);
- folic acid hypovitaminosis;
- prolonged bleeding.
A low level of platelets in children is quite common, since the child's body has an increased sensitivity to many adverse factors. Thrombocytopenia is observed in 60% of either very low birth weight, asphyxia, (for example, the formation of antibodies to platelets).
Thrombocytopenia in newborns and children of the first year of life
Quite often, changes in the normal level of platelets in children up to a year in the direction of decrease manifest themselves in an acute form. Their number in the blood decreases without changing their number or against the background of a slight increase in their production in the red bone marrow.
The child may have hemorrhages on the skin, mucous membranes, and in the internal organs. Most of the cases are associated with a previous infectious disease (rubella, measles).
In children under one year of age, treatment of acute thrombocytopenia is carried out only in stationary conditions.
Rarely, the cause of thrombocytopenia is the mother's antibodies against the child's platelets. As a result, their accelerated decay is observed. If a child has bleeding that can threaten his life, in such cases, a blood or platelet transfusion is prescribed.
Thrombocytopenia is dangerous and can contribute to bleeding of the child's internal organs or large blood loss after serious injuries, which can lead to an unfavorable outcome. In addition to a blood test, the doctor may prescribe a coagulogram in order to assess the state of the blood coagulation system, as well as other additional research methods.
One of the main symptoms of low red blood cells in a child is an increase in bleeding time with minor tissue damage. It is also necessary to be attentive to frequent nosebleeds or the appearance of bruises (hematomas) on the child's body.
If the child has an increased or decreased number of platelets in the blood, then in addition to the treatment prescribed by the doctor, it is necessary, on his recommendation or independently, to correct the patient's daily diet.
With thrombocytopenia
To do this, you need to know which foods increase the number of blood cells, and which, on the contrary, should be excluded from the diet. For thrombocytopenia, foods that increase platelet production are recommended:
With low blood clotting, patients should not take:
- cucumbers;
- seaweed;
- cranberries;
- red grapes.
With thrombocytosis
With minor thrombocytosis, eating right, you can lower the level of cells without drugs. Useful foods recommended for thrombocytosis:
Foods prohibited for thrombocytosis:
- bananas;
- mango;
- dog-rose fruit;
- nuts;
- fruits of chokeberry;
- pomegranate;
- lentils.
Thus, the norm of platelets in a child in the blood allows his body to withstand the adverse effects of the environment.
Conclusion
In a healthy child, there is a balance in the body between the formation of platelets in the bone marrow and their destruction in the bloodstream. When it is violated, pathologies of increased bleeding or an increase in the formation of platelets occur.
Therefore, it is necessary to control the level of platelets in a healthy child in order to protect him from excessive blood loss in the event of tissue injury.
If symptoms characteristic of thrombocytopenia or thrombocytosis appear, a blood test should be done and a pediatrician should be contacted, who can make a diagnosis, prescribe appropriate treatment, or refer to a hematologist for a consultation.
An increased level of platelets in the blood in children can often indicate the development of a disease, so the doctor will always pay attention to their number in deciphering the analysis.
It is impossible to establish an accurate diagnosis only on the basis of blood cell counts. However, the pediatrician will already know in which direction to move.
What are they responsible for?
Platelets - These are small, colorless blood cells., which originate in the cells of the bone marrow, and then go to the blood, where their total amount is 65%. The remaining 35% remain in the spleen.
Cells do not have a nucleus, have a disc-shaped shape, and their size is 2-4 microns.
The education process takes 8 to 10 days. An analysis of the number of these cells in children is included in the mandatory list of studies.
What are the functions of colorless blood cells?
- Responsible for blood clotting (hemostasis).
- Participate in the dissolution of blood clots and blood clots (fibrinolysis).
- They are suppliers of nutrients (growth factors) for the cells of the vascular wall for the normal functioning of the immune system.
- They have the ability to release many useful substances into the blood - fibrinogen, serotonin, etc.
These colorless bodies can accumulate and stick together (adhere), forming a cork at the sites of damage to the vessel wall. Due to this, blood loss is eliminated.
However, an increased number of platelets can contribute to the formation of dangerous clots. Therefore, it is so important to regularly take a general blood test.
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Find out also what are the causes of bronchial asthma in children, what preventive measures are needed - we suggest reading about it.
Norm up to a year and older
A newly born baby already has a certain amount of platelets in his blood, which constantly changing with age.
Norm in children per 1 liter of blood:
- in newborns - 100-420 × 1000000000;
- in children, since the birth of which 10 days have passed - 150-400 × 1000000000;
- in babies of one month of age - 160-100 × 1000000000;
- in six-month-olds - 180-400 × 1000000000;
- in a one-year-old baby - 160-380 × 1000000000;
- in children whose age is 1-4 years - 160-400 × 1000000000;
- from 5 to 7 years - 180-450 × 1000000000.
The level of platelets may vary depending on the physiological state or the presence of any disease. But what if the analysis showed that your child has a lot of platelets in the blood?
Reasons for the increase
Elevated platelets may indicate the formation of blood clots in the bloodstream, due to which vascular blockage occurs.
The active formation of blood cells is directly related to the excess concentration of megakaryocytes (huge bone marrow cells).
According to recent studies, in patients with thrombocytosis, an increase in the concentration of these elements is observed constantly.
This is manifested in polycythemia - a benign tumor process of the blood system. With this disease, particles of decayed megakaryocytes are found in the blood.
Elevated platelet levels can also be seen in the formation of myelogenous leukemia (a malignant blood disease).
An increase in the number of platelets may precede thrombosis in the peripheral circulatory system, which causes the development of the following diseases:
- vasoconstriction;
- swelling of the legs and arms;
- erythema;
- venous blockade of internal organs.
Why can blood platelet counts be elevated in children (including newborns)? Main reasons:
Vomiting, diarrhea and other intoxication manifestations can also affect changes in the quantitative indicator of colorless bodies.
When to See a Doctor
As soon as the decoding of the analysis in the child revealed that the platelet count is elevated, you should immediately consult a doctor.
The hematologist deals with the problem, but you can show the child to the local pediatrician. The doctor will prescribe all the necessary tests and, based on their results, establish a diagnosis.
To make a diagnosis, the doctor will prescribe the following studies:
- blood test for platelets every 4 days (3 times);
- general blood analysis;
- ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs;
- bone marrow biopsy;
- analysis to detect the level of iron and ferritin;
- coagulogram (a set of blood indicators indicating the clotting process);
- analysis for C-reactive protein (for signs of an infectious disease).
Additionally, the doctor may prescribe a consultation with a gynecologist and urologist. As soon as the results of these studies become known, the doctor will draw conclusions and prescribe an effective treatment.
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How to lower high content
Main condition of therapy - adherence to a diet. With a high platelet count, regardless of the cause, you should eat a sufficient amount of foods that can thin the blood. Among them:
- olive oil;
- fish fat;
- berries;
- tomato juice (natural);
- onion;
- garlic;
- lemon;
- linseed oil.
Also in the diet include foods enriched with magnesium. It:
- buckwheat;
- seaweed;
- barley grits;
- nuts (cashews, peanuts, pistachios, almonds, hazelnuts, walnuts);
- oatmeal;
- peas, beans;
- millet.
Increased attention is paid to the drinking regimen. Suitable mineral water without gas, green tea, fruit, vegetable fresh.
If the level of platelets in the child's blood is slightly increased, it is not recommended to eat bananas, lentils, pomegranates, mangoes. You should also stop taking diuretics.
When the number of platelets in the analysis is exceeded blood thinners are also effective which are prescribed only by a doctor.
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Exceeding the norm of platelets often indicates that pathological changes are occurring in the body. Which ones can only be established by a doctor. With a timely diagnosis and adherence to the prescribed treatment, the cell level will return to normal.
In contact with
Platelets are the smallest elements that make up the cellular composition of the blood. They are also called platelets because these cells do not have nuclei. The main function of platelets is to participate in the process of blood clotting.
Normally, in the human body there is a balance between the coagulation and anticoagulation systems. It is also supported by platelets. However, when the need arises (for example, the vessel wall is damaged), these cells become activated and begin to stick together and form a clot - a blood clot that covers the existing defect and prevents the development of severe bleeding.
The norm of platelets in children
The level of platelets contained in the blood serum is determined by a special formula. The number of cells contained in 1 milliliter cubic is calculated so that it is convenient to record and analyze data.
The child's body has one characteristic feature. Unlike adults, they do not have a single, constant norm for a particular blood indicator. Similarly, platelet levels can change significantly with a child's age, and this is considered a physiological process. The normal value of platelets in age:
1. Up to 10 days - approximately 100-400 thousand;
2. Up to 1 year - 150-400 thousand;
3. From 1 year to adolescence - 180-300 thousand;
4. From 13-14 years old - 80-200 thousand.
If these rates are too high, then it is worth suspecting the presence of thrombocytosis in a child and taking him to the hospital.
Rules for donating blood for analysis
During the study, blood is taken either from a vein of the forearm or from a finger. If the child is less than 10 days old (newborn), then the analysis is usually taken from their heels or toes.
Specific preparation for the study is not required, however, there are still a number of rules that should be followed in order not to get a false positive analysis:
1. It is necessary to come to the procedure in the morning, on an empty stomach;
2. If the child is very small, then you need to take him for analysis either 2 hours after feeding, or immediately before the next feeding;
3. It is necessary to limit the physical activity of the child, since intense exercise can lead to changes in the composition of the blood;
4. Remove from use some drugs that affect the level of platelets (antibiotics, glucocorticosteroids);
5. Take the test several times (preferably 3) with a break of 4-5 days to make sure the result is reliable.
The results of the analysis are prepared for a very short time, usually they can be picked up on the same day. If necessary, laboratory assistants can carry out the calculation in a shorter time.
The reason for the test is such undesirable symptoms as:
- Constant bleeding gums;
- Frequent nosebleeds;
- Bruises on the body that appear for unknown reasons;
- Constant numbness of hands and feet;
- Dizziness and weakness.
If the child constantly complains about the presence of these signs, then it is worth taking him to the doctor.
Causes of increased platelets in a child
As already mentioned, an increase in platelets in the blood serum of a child is called thrombocytosis. It can be caused by a malfunction in the immune system, as well as be a symptom of diseases localized in other organs.
Pathologies of the immune system
Thrombocytosis can appear for several reasons:
1. Due to the accelerated formation of platelets in the red bone marrow (in the presence of erythremia);
2. With insufficiently rapid destruction of platelets (due to the removal of the spleen, which normally disables old platelets);
3. Due to an increased release of reserve platelets into the bloodstream (usually observed with prolonged mental or physical stress).
After detecting thrombocytosis, it is very important to establish why it appeared. This is done either by the attending pediatrician or a hematologist - a doctor who specializes in the treatment of blood diseases.
Thrombocytosis can occur in a child of any age - from infancy to adolescence. A slight excess of the physiological norm is usually attributed to the individual characteristics of the child's body, that is, it does not require treatment. With a significant increase in the level of platelets (starting from 800 thousand), the process can be considered pathological.
Doctors distinguish several types of thrombocytosis, which are characteristic of different diseases. Clonal thrombocytosis appears due to a violation in the structure of the cells from which platelets are formed in the bone marrow. Their reaction to hormonal regulation is disrupted, due to which the process of platelet formation gets out of control and is significantly accelerated. Usually this condition is associated with tumor diseases of the bone marrow.
A similar process develops in primary thrombocytosis, however, the mechanism for increasing the number of cells is slightly different here. Increased production of platelets is due to the fact that the bone marrow grows significantly, due to which the tissue in which platelets can form also becomes much larger. Primary thrombocytosis is characteristic of pathologies such as erythremia or myeloid leukemia.
With this form, a sharp jump in indicators is very characteristic. The number of platelets very quickly increases to several million, exceeding normal values by tens of times. A hallmark of thrombocytosis in erythremia is also changes in the morphology of the cells themselves. Platelets become very large, their shape changes.
The last type of pathological process is secondary thrombocytosis. It can develop for the following reasons:
- After surgery to remove the spleen due to insufficient destruction of platelets;
- With an active inflammatory process;
- With repeated frequent bleeding.
In this case, the appearance of thrombocytosis is associated with the body's desire to compensate for the natural loss of platelets that develop during pathological processes.
Thrombocytosis in General Diseases
Thrombocytosis can be caused by diseases that have nothing to do with the immune system. Then this condition is called secondary thrombocythemia and is considered an additional symptom in the clinical picture of the pathology.
Platelets rise when:
1. Anemia (hemolytic, iron deficiency);
2. Tuberculosis in active form;
3. Rheumatic disease;
4. Osteomyelitis;
5. Colitis (inflammation of the colon);
6. Chronic infections affecting the body;
7. Severe surgical interventions;
8. Sharp, rapid loss of blood;
9. Cirrhotic liver damage;
10. Fracture of bones containing bone marrow;
11. Tumors;
12. Amyloidosis.
Secondary thrombocythemia is characterized by a slight increase in the rate, very rarely it reaches such a high level as with primary thrombocythemia. In addition, with this form, the size and structure of the platelets remain normal, which is also a hallmark.
Diagnostics
If an elevated level of platelets in the blood serum of a child is detected, it is recommended to take him for a general examination, since this symptom may indicate the presence of a serious illness in the body. Usually, an increase in the number of platelets is not the only sign of the disease; the patient has the entire clinical picture characteristic of this disease.
However, in some cases it is quite difficult to determine what the child is sick with. To do this, it is necessary to carry out a number of additional analyzes, which include:
- Determination of the level of iron and ferritin protein in the blood serum (test for anemia);
- Determination of the content of acute phase proteins (seromucoid, C-reactive protein);
- Coagulogram (analysis showing the activity of the blood coagulation system);
- Ultrasound examination of the abdomen and pelvis.
If necessary, the child is assigned a consultation of a specialized doctor - a hematologist. He deals with the treatment of blood diseases. This doctor may prescribe a bone marrow examination - a puncture. This is a rather painful procedure for a child, so it is carried out strictly according to indications.
Based on the studies performed, the doctor can determine which disease the patient is suffering from. After that, a specific treatment is prescribed.
Thus, thrombocytosis is an important pathological process that affects the state of the blood system, in particular, changes in the number of platelets. Its appearance can be a symptom of many diseases, therefore, if a child has changes in the tests, it is necessary to take him to a doctor for examination.
Hello dear readers. In this article, you will learn what thrombocytosis means. Find out what signs characterize the presence of this condition. You will become aware of what can affect the increase in the number of platelets. Let's talk about possible treatments.
general information
Elevated in a child - it means that thrombocytosis occurs. This phenomenon contributes to increased thrombosis.
Based on what exactly provoked an increase in the number of platelets, they distinguish:
- the primary form is the result of deviations in the production of platelets, for example, when bone marrow tumors grow;
- secondary - thrombocytosis is a sign indicating a certain ailment.
Why does
An increase in platelets may be due to the presence of ulcerative colitis.
The following factors influence platelet growth:
- the presence of erythremia;
- inhibition of the process of destruction of platelets;
- unequal distribution of platelets - typical in the presence of overvoltage.
When laboratory tests reveal that there is thrombocytosis, it is very important to identify the exact cause that influenced the development of this condition as soon as possible.
Thrombocytosis can occur in children of any age. You can talk about such a diagnosis when there is a significant increase in platelets. A slight excess of the upper limits of the norm is much more common.
Secondary thrombocytosis develops against the background of such pathologies:
- ulcerative colitis;
- tuberculosis;
- rheumatism (active form);
- infections, acute and chronic;
- the result of the removal of the spleen;
- , in particular tubular;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- severe blood loss;
- multiple surgical intervention;
- oncology;
- amyloidosis.
In the secondary form of thrombocytosis, the structure of platelets does not change.
In addition to diseases, the growth of this indicator can be affected by the use of certain medications, namely the side effects of these drugs, for example, epinephrine, adrenaline, corticosteroids.
Characteristic manifestations
General weakness may indicate the presence of thrombocytosis
The following signs may indicate that a child has thrombocytosis:
- heaviness in the legs, their swelling;
- cyanosis of the lips and limbs;
- pain in the fingers;
- cold extremities.
Diagnostics
If for the first time a deviation exceeding the limits of the norm was detected, it is advisable to conduct an additional examination.
- detection of protein content, c-reactive;
- determination of the level of ferritin, serum iron;
- study of the coagulation system;
- consultation with a hematologist, if necessary;
- if the specialist suspects some pathology of the circulatory system, he will refer you to the study of the bone marrow.
It is important to understand that early diagnosis contributes to the timely identification of the problem and the initiation of treatment at an early stage. It is important to listen to the opinion of the doctor, follow his recommendations, and not self-medicate when thrombocytosis is detected.
What is the danger
Possible blockage of blood vessels
- As a result of an excessive number of platelets in the blood, the clotting process is accelerated.
- There is platelet agglutination, blockage of blood vessels. This leads to the formation of blood clots.
- It must be understood that this phenomenon has a serious impact on the functioning of organs. This condition will be especially dangerous when the vessels leading to the brain or heart are blocked. The chance of developing a stroke or heart attack increases.
Treatment
Parents should be aware that in the presence of thrombocytosis, it is necessary to consult a pediatrician and, if necessary, visit a hematologist.
- Therapy is determined taking into account the disease, which entailed changes in the quantitative composition of platelets. Then the basis of treatment will be aimed specifically at getting rid of a particular disease.
- If changes in the bone marrow are to blame, drugs are prescribed that inhibit the production of new platelets.
- Along with this, blood thinners are also prescribed.
It is unacceptable to independently treat thrombocytosis.
Diet food
In a situation where there is a slight increase in platelets, the use of medications is not justified. Your doctor will recommend that you make changes to your child's diet.
You need to include the following foods in your diet:
- fortified with calcium, in particular, dairy products;
- high in iodine, such as seafood and seaweed;
- high in iron, such as liver and green apples;
- that affect the blood thinning process, such as cranberries or ginger.
From the diet you need to exclude:
- nuts;
- lentils;
- grenades.
It is important to drink enough liquid, appropriate for the age of the baby.
Preventive measures
Before inhibiting the growth of platelets, certain guidelines must be followed.
- It is necessary to consume a sufficient amount of foods containing vitamins and trace elements.
- Take a sufficient amount of liquid, appropriate for the age of the child.
- It is important to follow a daily routine.
- It is necessary that the child be outside every day, walks in the fresh air are necessary.
- Great importance should be given to sports.
- It is necessary to detect and treat diseases in a timely manner, not to bring them to a neglected state.
Now you know how to behave if the platelets in the child's blood are elevated. It should be understood that changes in this indicator can affect the well-being of the baby. It is very important to diagnose abnormalities in a timely manner and begin appropriate treatment.
