Monocytes are increased in a Komarovsky child. Causes of elevated monocytes in a blood test - normal levels in children and adults

The child has elevated monocytes - which means that pathological disorders occur in the body. The level of these cells is determined using a complete blood count.

Thanks to additional examination methods, the doctor finds out the state of health of his patient. Often there is a situation when the level of these cells deviates from the established norm, increases or decreases. In any case, violations indicate health problems.

The study of blood cells is a necessary and important diagnostic method. The pediatrician pays attention to any changes in the composition of the blood. He prescribes additional procedures and examinations in order to fully study the problem. For a child's body, monocytes play the same important role as for an adult..

These cells provide high protection against aggressive environmental influences, do not allow the penetration of various pathogens. An abnormality in the patient's blood monocyte level is a serious diagnostic symptom. This phenomenon indicates that pathological processes are developing.

Main duties of monocytes

As a rule, monocytes are the most active and largest blood cells. The bone marrow is responsible for their production. Then they enter the bloodstream for 2-3 days, after which they are distributed throughout the tissues of the body.

Monocytes are required to maintain the purity of the blood flow, to take part in its renewal. Figuratively, these white cells are called "wipers of the body."

The doctor prescribes tests and tests to determine violations and take action, especially if monocytes are increased by 2 times. This is a signal that the child's body is experiencing serious pathological disorders.

Monocytes differ from other blood cells in that they are large and have a bean-shaped nucleus. Their protoplasm contains lysosomes. These are special granules, which include substances of strong action. Self-defense of the child's body depends on the correct production of monocytes by the bone marrow.

The degree of cell maturation also matters. Most often, the level of monocytes changes due to the fact that the baby is sick, the process of digestion of food by the intestines is disrupted. Standard norms support the physical development of the child's body.

Permissible rate

Biochemistry will help to find out the exact data on the concentration of monocytes in the patient's blood. The percentage ratio between blood cells makes it possible to determine whether the parameters are overestimated or not.

As for standard indicators, the level of blood cells also depends on the age of the baby..

Before taking tests, it is necessary to warn the doctor that the baby is taking medication if he is undergoing therapy. This is because many drugs can affect the level of monocytes in the blood of a child..

The level of monocytes is above normal

The most common cause of elevated levels of these blood cells is a defensive reaction of the body, for example, from the penetration of infectious diseases into the circulatory system. Sometimes the problem of overproduction of monocytes is that the work of the bone marrow is impaired due to the development of blood diseases.

If the concentration of cells increases, monocytosis develops in children. Violations are absolute or relative. In the first case, a blood test shows the maximum allowable values. The relative level of monocytes is determined as a percentage compared to the concentration of other blood cells.

To diagnose pathological processes in a child's body, a slight increase in the number of these cells is not enough. This phenomenon can be caused by various factors. For example, hereditary disorders, or the fact that the child has recently suffered an injury. Tests will show false information.

But the absolute increased content of monocytes in the blood indicates the development of pathological processes in the patient's body. The doctor needs to take action, prescribe treatment.

A high concentration of such cells is observed against the background of malaria or syphilis, rheumatoid arthritis. Pathogenic changes or infectious diseases cause the level of monocytes to increase. If the child's body cannot cope with a certain disease, it begins to produce a large number of these blood cells. This analysis shows that it speaks of the need to take action.

Provoking factors

Due to the high concentration of such cells in the blood, monocytosis occurs. Pathological processes develop against the background of certain reasons. These include:

The causes of monocytosis in children are due to the fact that their circulatory system cannot fully perform its functions. Pathogenic bacteria, microbes penetrate the child's body, and the concentration of monocytes increases significantly. In an infant, overestimated norms are observed, as the first teeth erupt.

In some children, an increased number of these white cells is an individual feature. Relative monocytosis will show the abnormalities that were there before. For example, after an illness or as a result of a serious stressful condition.

Medicine identifies several reasons that affect the level of monocytes in the blood of a child:

• hereditary pathologies;
• purulent-infectious inflammatory processes;
• diseases of the oncological category that the child has recently suffered.

To determine the exact cause of the increase in the concentration of white blood cells, it is necessary to undergo additional studies and tests. Only after that the doctor will be able to make an accurate diagnosis, point out the causes of the violations, prescribe an effective treatment.

The patient does a blood test on an empty stomach. Since this is a child, he is allowed to drink a small amount of water in the morning. Before testing, children should not be given fatty foods. They should rest more. Active movements and physical activity can provoke an increase in the level of monocytes.

When is a monocyte test prescribed?

The younger the child, the less pronounced are his symptoms that pathological disorders occur in the body. Therefore, there is a need to do additional research in order to obtain accurate results. It is easier for an adult to make a diagnosis, since his body has formed, there are norms, so it is easier to identify diseases.

The child's body is still developing, especially in a child under one year old. There are general violations of blood counts, due to which the doctor prescribes additional examinations. Signs of health problems:

1. The general condition of the baby worsens. He constantly cries, sleeps and eats badly, is naughty.
2. Increases in body temperature. In a newborn, these parameters range from 37.1 to 37.2 degrees if the baby is dressed. The temperature stabilizes after the child is undressed a little.
3. Skin rashes appear.
4. The child has a poor appetite.
5. The skin becomes pale.
6. There was a cough. Only reflex syndrome may not require medical treatment.
7. Disturbances of the digestive system. For an infant, stools 6 times a day is normal.
8. The baby is disturbed by the frequent urge to urinate, while he begins to cry a lot. The excretion of urine occurs in a small amount. That's right, if the baby pees up to 20 times a day.

Given all these indicators, doctors may prescribe an additional examination to determine whether the child's blood monocytes are elevated or not. Diagnostic measures will be needed to diagnose the norm or disorders in the child's body.

How to test for monocytes correctly

To determine the exact causes of increased monocytes in a child, you should follow the doctor's recommendations, as well as the established rules for submitting material for research:

1. Before the tests, you need to eat nothing until 10 hours. The baby is given the procedure between feedings. Older children should not eat 12 hours before the test. Otherwise, the results will be unreliable.
2. Before handing over the material, the child should sit quietly, refrain from games or active movements, otherwise the results will be above the norm.
3. Blood sampling is carried out one week after the last medication, if the child was treated. When it is necessary to conduct an analysis during the period of therapy, the doctor should be warned that the patient is taking medication.

As a rule, blood for analysis is taken from a finger.

If there are any violations in the health of the child, then this will show the blood. Any pathological disorders should not be ignored. An increase in monocytes can indicate a banal bruise of the baby or signal signs of a serious illness.

Children of any age need to undergo periodic medical examinations in order to monitor their health and the proper functioning of the body. One of the important stages of diagnosis is the study of indicators of the leukocyte blood series. Along with leukocytes, the level of monocytes in the blood is of no small importance. If all indicators are normal, then this means that the child is healthy. There are cases when monocytes are increased in a child’s blood test and this indicates that there are certain disorders in the body.

Monocytes are large mononuclear leukocytes. They have an oval shape with a bean-shaped core inside. The formation process takes place in the bone marrow system, and after full maturation they enter the circulatory system, where they stay for about three days. Subsequently, they penetrate into tissues and organs, where the process of their transformation into macrophages takes place - cells that are of similar importance to monocytes.

Monocytes are an integral part of the blood composition in both adults and children. Famous pediatrician Komarovsky E.O. in his article uses the definition of "wipers of the body." In the body, they perform the following functions:

• destroy pathogenic bacteria and foreign bodies;
• perform blood purification;
• rid the body of dead cells;
• help in the process of resorption of blood clots;
• provide favorable conditions for the formation of new cells;
• are actively involved in the process of blood production.

Monocytes are an integral part of leukocytes, and their value is determined as a percentage of their total number. The norm of monocytes changes in the process of growing up in children, their value is as follows:

• for newborn babies - from 3 to 12%;
• at the age of two weeks - from 5 to 15%;
• at the age of two weeks to a year - from 4 to 10%;
• from 1 year to 2 years - from 3 to 10%;
• from 2 to 5 years - from 3 to 9%;
• from 5 to 16 years old - from 3 to 9%.

For children in adolescence from 16 to 18 years, the norm of monocytes in the blood is up to 8% of the total number of leukocytes. Simultaneously with the study of the content in percentage terms, they study their absolute value, in practice it is designated as follows “Monocytes abs.” The norm for children under 12 years old is from 0.05 to 1.1 * 10 9 / l.

Reasons for the increase

The process in which there is an increase in the level of monocytes is called monocytosis. An increase in the indicator above 9% may be due to the natural protective reaction of the child's body to infection or their hyperproduction in case of disruption of the bone marrow in blood diseases. In medical practice, there are two types of monocytosis: relative and absolute. Absolute monocytosis in childhood is diagnosed when the abs monocyte index exceeds 1.1 * 10 9 /l.

Relative monocytosis is characterized by an excess of the percentage of monocytes relative to the total number of leukocytes, while the absolute value is normal. This means that monocytes abs. are in the same quantity, and the number of other leukocytes (lymphocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils) is reduced. The relative increase in monocytes is not very informative in itself, since trauma, a cold or flu that have recently been transferred can serve as a deviation from the norm.

Monocytes in the blood of a child increase due to the fact that the circulatory system loses its ability to withstand the effects of bacteria and infections and activates the process of intensive production of monocytes. Often, elevated values ​​in a blood test are determined after a cold and flu.

Monocytosis in children during the appearance of milk teeth and their loss is not excluded. More serious causes are rare, but in any case, additional examination is required to rule out possible complications.

The appearance of absolute monocytosis means that the immune system is actively fighting strong and dangerous pathogens that can cause significant harm to the child's body. The main difference between the values ​​of abs and % monocytes is that an increase in the first indicates a disease that is occurring at the moment, and an increase in the second means that diseases or severe stress have been suffered in the recent past.

If other indicators are simultaneously increased

The main cells that determine the body's immune function are monocytes and lymphocytes. The growth of their values ​​indicates the active struggle of the body with bacteria and viruses. An increased value of lymphocytes and monocytes during the recovery period from an infectious disease means that the process is proceeding correctly. Their growth in the postoperative period is positively regarded. The level of lymphocytes in this case exceeds 72% in children under 1 year old, and after 6 years - 60%.

When a child is infected with a viral infection and a blood test shows monocytosis along with the growth of lymphocytes, then a bacterial infection is possible. It is required to examine the places of damage to the skin and mucous membranes (diaper rash, redness, purulent plaque in the throat). If a decrease or increase in the level of monocytes is determined in a blood test, then other studies are required (including ESR - erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and their interpretation in combination.

Along with the level of cells of the leukocyte formula (monocytes, lymphocytes), a blood test allows you to investigate an important indicator - ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), which is directly related to inflammatory processes. A high ESR indicates active inflammation, characterized by an increase in the number of fibrinogens and globulins. The growth of ESR begins a day after the onset of the disease, the maximum value is observed during the recovery period.

An increase in monocytes and ESR as a result of an analysis after a course of treatment does not mean that the infection has not been cured - they can remain at this level for a certain period of time. Deviation of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate from the norm is possible with increased blood viscosity. During the daytime, the ESR is higher than at night. In this case, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate changes in connection with the biological rhythm.

It is worth noting that the treatment of monocytosis is impossible without eliminating the cause that causes an increase in the level of blood cells. If an increased value of monocytes is found in a child, it is necessary to consult a doctor to determine the cause of inflammation and prevent complications. Only after curing the underlying disease, the indicators of monocytes and other blood cells will return to normal.

Blood is a specific human organ that performs very important functions. Thanks to the shaped elements that make up its composition, this substance provides respiratory, nutritional, thermoregulatory, protective and other functions. Protection against viruses, bacteria and fungi is carried out by cells called leukocytes. They are divided into several groups, one of which is monocytes. In the article, we will consider what these cells are and what elevated monocytes in the blood of a child indicate.

What are monocytes

Monocytes are an important component of the leukocyte series. These bodies are the largest of all white blood cells. They are produced in the tissues of the bone marrow, after which they enter the blood. The life cycle of protective cells is only three days, after which they spread through the systems and organs of the whole organism, and are synthesized into macrophages.

The main protective function is performed by monocytes in the first 72 hours of their life. They help to cope with acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI), bacterial diseases, and some types of helminthic invasions. Macrophages play a protective role to a much lesser extent.

Monocytes are among the most important human blood cells, they perform a number of functions necessary for the normal functioning of all organs and systems.

The norm of monocytes in children of different age groups

To determine the level of monocytes, it is necessary to conduct a laboratory study - a complete blood count. Such an analysis allows to reveal the concentration of the most significant components of the vital substance of the body. This evaluates the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils and some other components. If their level is elevated, the patient is assigned additional diagnostic measures that help diagnose and select the necessary treatment.

After donating blood, laboratory staff conducts a study of biological material. The total number of blood cells is counted, including red blood cells, platelets and other bodies. The next step is the distribution of leukocytes into groups. The ratio of each of them is fixed as a percentage. Sometimes the concentration of monocytes is recorded as the absolute number of protective bodies (abs).

In children under 12, the concentration of protective cells may deviate somewhat from the norm, but usually these deviations are minor and occur due to rapid growth, as well as some changes in the body. In a child under 12 years old, from 2 to 12% of monocytes from the total number of leukocytes should be recorded. In adolescents, after reaching 12 years, the concentration of bodies of this type decreases to 3 - 11%.

When fixing the number of white blood agents as an absolute number of cells, the norms in children are as follows:

• up to 12 years - 0.05-1.1 * 109 mono per 1 liter;
• after 12 years - 0.08 * 109 mono per 1 liter;
• adult - 0.07 * 103 per 1 liter.

Depending on some features of the body, a slight deviation from the norm is considered acceptable. If the concentration of monocytes significantly exceeds the norm, we are talking about the development of various diseases, which requires immediate medical treatment.

When analysis is needed

A general blood test is prescribed for newborn children, which allows you to get a general picture of the condition of the baby, because the younger the child, the more difficult it is to visually determine the presence of certain abnormalities. Such actions allow you to timely identify various deviations, conduct appropriate therapy. In particular, it is necessary to determine the content of monocytes in a baby if the pregnant woman suffers various infections, with severe bearing of the baby and complicated childbirth.

General indications for analysis:

• deterioration in the well-being of a small patient - poor sleep, tearfulness, loss of appetite, insufficient weight gain;
• increase in body temperature. It should be borne in mind that in a newborn child, these figures can reach 37 - 37.2 degrees. In a one-year-old baby, the temperature stabilizes;
• rashes on the body of a different nature;
• pallor of the dermis;
• the appearance of an unreasonable cough;
• violation of the activity of the digestive system - constipation, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, pain in the epigastric region;
• frequent and painful urination.

If one of the above symptoms coincides with an increase in monocytes, the doctor prescribes an additional study to the patient, which allows you to determine what exactly caused the increase in the concentration of white blood cells.

How to prepare for donating blood

To conduct a complete blood count, no special preparation is required. It does not matter if it is a one-year-old child or an infant, 12 hours before blood sampling, it is necessary to refuse to feed him, it is allowed to give only a small amount of water. Older children need to reduce physical activity 2-3 days before the procedure, refuse to attend sports clubs, and also remove too fatty foods from the diet. It has been proven that it can increase the concentration of monocytes in the blood. The well-known doctor Komarovsky tells in detail about how to prepare for blood donation in his video. Evgeny Olegovich answers all questions of interest to parents, has won a lot of positive feedback from his patients.

The doctor should be informed if a small patient is taking any medications, as this can provoke an increase in the number of certain blood cells.

What does an elevated monocyte level indicate?

An increase in the concentration of monocytes in medical practice is called monocytosis. This condition is divided into absolute and relative types of the disease:

• absolute - an increase in the absolute content of cells, due to the synthesis of new protective bodies;
• relative - not accompanied by an increase in the number of monocytes, it means that their percentage with other groups of leukocytes is changing.

The second type of disorder is usually detected in children after a year, since in babies after birth the number of white blood agents is high due to the physiological characteristics of the newborn's body. Sometimes the number of these cells reaches 10 - 16%.

When making a diagnosis, it is absolute monocytosis that is taken into account. That is, a high level of white cells indicates that one of the types of infection is present in the child's body and immune agents are actively fighting it. As a result, monocytes are synthesized into macrophages, and the bone marrow, in turn, produces new protective bodies. It is this process that is recorded during a laboratory study in the form of absolute monocytosis.

Common diseases

As already mentioned, the causes of the disease can be very diverse. What this or that level of increase in white cells in the blood means can only be deciphered by a doctor, based on the patient's history and data from other diagnostic methods. Monocytosis is a secondary disease that develops against the background of other pathologies. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of white cells only by getting rid of the primary disease. So, what is the reason?

The most common factors leading to an increase in white cells are acute respiratory viral infections, including influenza. Sometimes the causes of this violation are quite harmless. For example, the concentration of white cells may increase during teething in infants in the first months of life. The increased production of white blood cells is explained by the fact that in this way the body tries to protect itself from the entry of pathogens through the gums. At the same time, monocytes increase quite a bit and parents should not worry.

An increase in the level of monocytes can mean any type of infection in which the body produces an increased number of protective bodies, since there are not enough already circulating in the blood.

What else to pay attention to

When making a diagnosis, doctors evaluate not only the number of monocytes in a baby, but also some combinations of changes in the blood formula. For example, an increase in the concentration of monocytes and eosinophils indicates the presence of pathologies such as syphilis, tuberculosis, infectious mononucleosis, bronchitis, fungal diseases, sarcoidosis, and some others.

With an increase in lymphocytes and monocytes in the blood of a child, we are often talking about bacterial, viral diseases, pathologies of the intestines and stomach, malignant formations of internal organs.

When there is an increase in monocytes and erythrocytes, doctors fix the development of the inflammatory process against the background of any of the above diseases. Usually it is possible to reduce the indicators to normal levels by getting rid of the root cause.

If neutrophils are lowered, we can talk about severe viral infections (measles, rubella, chickenpox), human immunodeficiency virus, tuberculosis, cancer and others.

In addition, such an indicator as the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is necessarily taken into account, which indicates the presence of inflammation and hemoglobin.

Medical tactics

If an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood of a child is discovered by chance during an analysis during a preventive examination, you should definitely show the baby to the pediatrician. In medical practice, various types of examination of children with monocytosis are used. These include:

1. Examination of the child by an infectious disease specialist. In the presence of symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, an analysis of feces, urine and vomit is prescribed to identify possible intestinal infections.
2. In the absence of any complaints, an ultrasound of the child's abdominal cavity is performed.
3. With simultaneous enlargement of the lymph nodes, a blood test is performed for the presence of atypical mononuclear cells.
4. If the child complains of pain in the joints, tests for rheumatism are performed.
5. Cough for more than two weeks against the background of an increase in the number of monocytes requires diagnosis for tuberculosis.

Treatment of monocytosis is, first of all, getting rid of the pathology that provoked an increase in the level of white blood cells. The prognosis for the patient depends on the timeliness of the detection of the problem and the correctness of the selected treatment. Attentive attitude to the child's body will help prevent many diseases and complications against their background.

From the moment a child takes their first breath until they reach 18 years of age, parents have a huge responsibility in maintaining their health. This can be done by following all the recommendations of the pediatrician, not only in relation to preventive and therapeutic (if necessary) measures, but also recommendations that relate to the passage of preventive examinations by specialists once a year, as well as laboratory examinations. The latter include a general urinalysis and. It happens that as a result of a clinical examination, it is revealed that monocytes in the blood of a child are increased.

Norm

Protective functions in the body are carried out by special ones - leukocytes. There are 5 types of leukocytes.

Monocytes are the largest white blood cells. Among themselves, doctors very often call these cells "cleaners", "wipers of the body." This is due to the fact that it is monocytes that are responsible for the processes of phagocytosis, during which pathogenic microorganisms are destroyed, as well as incapacitated blood cells. Monocytes in the blood have a very important property - they can process harmful particles that are several times larger than them.

In the course of a laboratory study, the indicator of the content of monocytes in the blood is not considered separately. This is due to the fact that the most informative determination of the percentage of all types of leukocytes is the study.

The norm of monocytes in the blood of a child as a percentage of other types of leukocytes contains, on average, from 3 to 12%.

However, this indicator is not constant, but varies depending on age:

• the first 7 days of life - 3 - 12%;
• 7 days - 1 year, the norm varies between 4 - 10%;
• from 1 year to 16 years, this figure gradually decreases to 9%.

raising

Both their decrease and increase require increased attention from the doctor to the issues of determining the causes that caused these changes.

If a child has elevated monocytes in the blood, the causes of this condition are most often pathological, but can also be physiological.

in children:

• teething period;
• overly active lifestyle (hyperactivity);
• recovery period after surgical treatment;
• recovery period in the process of recovery from illness.

However, most often, an increase in the content of monocytes in a child indicates the development of a pathological condition in the child's body:

• worm infection;
• acute forms of infectious diseases of various origins;
• the presence of fungal infections;
• various forms of tuberculosis;
• oncological;
• poisoning with chemical compounds such as tetrachloroethane and phosphorus;
• development of foci of purulent infections;
• diseases of the autoimmune system;
• oncological diseases affecting various organs, both benign and malignant forms;
• chronic inflammatory processes;
• viral diseases.

downgrade

It also happens that a laboratory study indicates that. This condition is called monocytopenia and it also indicates the development of disorders in the functioning of the immune system of the child's body.

The following factors can provoke a decrease in the level of monocytes in a child:

• traumas of a different nature transferred in the recent past;
• the child has emotional overload, stressful situations;
• long-term courses of taking certain medications, one of the side effects is the development of monocytopenia;
• exhaustion of the child's body as a whole, loss of strength;
• decreased immunity;
• the presence of diseases that affect the hematopoietic system, for example, some;
• different types of typhus, which cause a decrease in the number of all types of blood cells.

It is impossible to ignore changes in laboratory parameters, even minor ones, in any case. Both an increase and a decrease in the level of monocytes require a comprehensive examination in order to identify the true cause of the development of such a condition.

Treatment

Changes in the content of monocytes cannot be corrected. To bring the monocyte count back to normal, it is necessary to carry out a specific treatment of the underlying disease, which provoked a violation of the concentration of this cell type. After the child recovers, when his immune system returns to normal, the indicators of the leukocyte formula, including monocytes, will recover on their own.

results

When on monocytes, data from a laboratory blood test, in particular, the leukocyte formula, the indicators are not considered separately, but the content of all types of leukocytes is necessarily taken into account. This allows you to get reliable information not only about the stage of the disease, but also to accurately determine the type of pathogen that provoked its development.

A simultaneous increase in monocytes and lymphocytes is observed in viral diseases (influenza, acute respiratory infections, and others). Based on the data of laboratory examination, the doctor can reasonably prescribe therapy with antiviral drugs.

Video - Dr. Komarovsky about a bacterial, viral infection, increased monocytes in children:

Monocytes are mature large mononuclear leukocytes. They are produced in the bone marrow, after which they enter the blood, lymph nodes and tissues.

Their main functions:

• phagocytosis - absorption and splitting of infectious agents (bacteria, toxoplasma, causative agents of malaria), foreign bodies, dead and tumor cells;
• presentation of antigens;
• synthesis of cytokines.

To determine the number of monocytes, a clinical blood test is performed. Their percentage in the total number of leukocytes (MON%) is calculated. In addition, when using a detailed analysis methodology, the absolute number of monocytes (MON#) is estimated - the number of cells in 1 liter of blood.

Monocyte norms:

• children (under 12 years old) - MON% - 2-12%, MON # - 0.05-1.1x109 / l;
• adults (over 12 years old) - MON% - 3-11%, MON # - 0.04-0.7x109 / l.

In children, the absolute number of monocytes varies depending on the indicator of the number of leukocytes, the value of which is determined by age.

Absolute or relative monocytosis is diagnosed when the normative limits of the absolute or relative number of monocytes, respectively, are exceeded.

The reasons

Relative monocytosis in a child or adult with a normal MON# may be physiological. Usually, there is a decrease in the content of other types of leukocytes. For example, monocytosis can be combined with granulopenia - a decrease in the proportion of granulocytes (a subgroup of leukocytes) in the blood.

Absolute monocytosis in adults and children, as a rule, occurs in diseases that require significant activation of phagocytosis for an adequate immune response. In some cases, there is a combination of monocytosis and leukopenia (a decrease in the total number of leukocytes).

The main causes of monocytosis in adults and children:

• infectious diseases of a viral, fungal, bacterial nature, as well as those caused by protozoan microorganisms;
• granulomatous pathologies - tuberculosis, ulcerative colitis, brucellosis, sarcoidosis, syphilis;
• hematological ailments - leukemia, myeloid leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis;
• diseases that affect connective fibers - lupus, rheumatoid arthritis;
• oncological pathologies - Hodgkin's lymphoma;
• poisoning with toxic substances.

Monocytosis in adults and children is observed not only in the acute period of diseases, but also at the stage of recovery after them. A slight deviation in MON% in a child may occur due to teething.

Symptoms

The main symptoms of monocytosis:

• weakness;
• fast fatiguability;
• subfebrile temperature.

Since an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood is one of the manifestations of the underlying disease, the clinical picture will be supplemented by other signs.

Diagnostics

Violation of the norm of the number of monocytes is established on the basis of a general analysis of capillary blood. A number of physical, laboratory and instrumental methods are used to identify the leading pathology.

Treatment

Deviation of MON# or MON% from the norm is not a disease. In the absence of other pathological signs, treatment of monocytosis in adults and children is not performed.

If an infectious, hematological, granulomatous or other disease is diagnosed, the directions of therapy are determined by its essence.

Forecast

The prognosis for an increase in the number of monocytes in the blood depends on the specifics of the underlying pathology.

Prevention

It is possible to prevent monocytosis by preventing the development of diseases that require the activation of phagocytosis.